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    SHOULDER ROTATOR CUFF INJURY

    The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint and allow for smooth, controlled movement of the arm. A rotator cuff injury occurs when these muscles or tendons are torn, strained, or inflamed, leading to pain and limited mobility.

    Causes

    1. Overuse or Repetitive Movements: Common in athletes (e.g., swimmers, tennis players) or workers performing repetitive overhead motions.
    2. Acute Trauma: Falling on an outstretched arm or lifting heavy objects.
    3. Degenerative Changes: Age-related wear and tear that weakens the tendons.

    Symptoms

  • Persistent pain, especially during movement or at rest.
  • Weakness in the shoulder, making it difficult to lift or rotate the arm.
  • Clicking or popping sensations during shoulder movement.
  • Reduced range of motion.

    Diagnosis

  • Physical Examination: Assessing pain, range of motion, and strength.
  • Imaging Tests: X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI to identify tears or inflammation.

    • Treatment Options

    Conservative Management-

  • Rest and activity modification.
  • Ice packs to reduce swelling.
  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief.
  • Physical therapy to restore strength and mobility.

    • Injections-
    Corticosteroid injections may be used for severe pain.

    Surgical Intervention-

  • Recommended for large tears or injuries unresponsive to conservative treatment.
  • Techniques include arthroscopic surgery or open repair.
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